Video adapters and Video Converters
Video Adapters change the physical connector but do not change the video signal. These may be passive adapters, when they are just changing the shape of the connector; or may be active; when they boost the signal. Composite RCA to BNC is a good example of a Video Adapter. Video Converters translate the video signal from one format to another; and may also change the connector. Composite to HDMI is a good example of a Video Converter
Formats which are electrically and protocol compatible:
If a video signal is electrically and protocol compatible, then only changing the connector type is required.
Composite <> BNC : are electrically compatible and only requires an adapter.
VGA <> DVI-I : Analog and are electrically compatible only requiring an adapter; DVI <> HDMI : HDMI is backwards compatible with DVI televisions. DVI computer monitors support several DVI standards and may or may not be compatible. DispalyPort <> HDMI: Displayport is backwards compatible with HDMI and DVI.
Formats which require electrical and protocol translation:
Formats that require electrical translation require a capture step, a translation step, and a re-encoding step. In glitch art, a problem arises at this step that sync information may have been glitched and the converter cannot make sense of the input signal. Composite <> HDMI requires a converter